Artificial intelligence: Shuruudaha AI Si Fudud Loogu Fasiray
Waa maxay Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Waa maxay macnaha Machine Learning?
Haddii aad ka fikirto mustaqbalka kumbuyuutarrada, wa qasab in aad ka boodin Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Artificial Intelligence meel walba joogaan maanta. Laakiin maxay tahay waxa aan ugu yeerno AI maanta? Iyo sidee u shaqeysaa?
Artificial Intelligence
Mid ka mid ah aabayaashii aasaasay AI, John McCarthy, wuxuu AI ku tilmaamay “sayniska iyo teknolojiyadda soo saarista mashiinno caqli badan”, yacni goob ay ka hawlgalaan cilmi baarayaasha iyo injineerada.
Maanta, ereyga inta badan macnihiisu waa mashiinadan caqliga badan: AI wuxuu u taagan yahay nidaamyo kombuyuutar oo si caqli leh u dhaqma. Caqli macnaheedu waa: Waxay xalliyaan shaqooyinka sida caadiga ah u baahan sirdoonka, sida fahamka iyo muujinta luqaddaha, aqoonsiga muuqaalka, go’aan qaadashada ama tarjumidda.
AI daciif ah
Si ka duwan bani-Aadam, AI waxay bartaan oo ay qabtaan inta badan hal hawl oo heer sare ah. AI noocan oo kale ah ayaa markaa loogu yeeraa AI daciif ah ama cidhiidhi ah. Takhasusyadooda, hadda badanaa way ka sarreeyaan bani-Aadam. Dhamaan nidaamyada AI ee hadda jira waa AI daciif ah.
AI xoog leh
AI oo leh sirdoon u eg bani-Aadam oo maskaxdiisa ku dabakhi karo hawlo badan oo kala duwan weli ma jiraan. Laakiin waa hadafka ugu weyn ee cilmi baarista AI. AI noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo yaqaan ‘General Artificial Intelligence’.
Super-AI
Haddii AI u kobco heer ay ka sarreyso bani-aadam dhan walba, waxaa soo ifbaxaya sirdoon sare oo macmal ah. Qaar ka mid ah khubarada AI, waxay rajeynayaan in super AI uu xallin doonaan dhibaatooyinka waaweyn ee bani-Aadam sida isbedelka cimilada, saboolnimada iyo cudurada.
Artificial intelligence: Shuruudaha AI Si Fudud Loogu Fasiray
Machine Learning (ML)
Waxyaabaha hada loogu jecel yahay ee cilmi baarista AI waa barashada mashiinka, gaar ahaan barashada Deep Learning.
Barashada mashiinku waxay abuurtaa nidaamyo kombiyuutar oo u adeegsada xogta si ay u bartaan sida loo sameeyo shaqooyinka. Halkii horumariye kaas oo tilmaamaya tilmaamaha xariiq ahaan qaab koodh barnaamij, softiweerku wuxuu si madaxbanaan u cusbooneysiiyaa koodhkiisa ka dib kicinta ugu horreysa wuxuuna u habeeyaa natiijo wanaagsan.
Waqtiga hada aan joogno waxa ugu caansan cilmi baarista Deep Learning: Barashada mashiinka oo leh shabakado isku-dhafan oo lakabyo badan leh oo lagu aqoonsado qaababka xogta si sax ah u kordhaya sidaasna ku bartaan dookhyada bani-Aadam, aqoonsadaan walxaha ama fahmaan luqadda.
Barashada mashiinka ayaa wado tiro badan oo ah adeegyada AI ee hada jira. Macno malahan haddii Google, Netflix ama Facebook: barashada algorithms ay soo jeediyaan, hagaajiyaan matoorada raadinta isla markaana u ogolaadaan kaaliyeyaasha codka inay jawaabo bixiyaan.
Deep Learning
Deep learning ama barashada qotada dheer waa barashada mashiinka leh shabakadaha neerfaha (Neural networks) oo leh in kabadan hal lakab oo qarsoon. Shabakadahan neerfaha ee isku dhafan waxay bilaabeen socodkoodii guusha ee 2012 markii ugu dambeysay markii shabakad ceynkaan ah ay ku guuleysatay tartankii ImageNet ee falanqaynta sawirka.
Deep learning waxay mas’uul ka ahayd kobaca AI ee sanadihii la soo dhaafay, gaar ahaan aqoonsiga muuqaalka, wadista iskiis u madax banaan ama qoto dheer.
Guusha barashada qoto dheer waxaa suurto galiyay hawlwadeeno xawaare sare leh iyo jajabyo AI u heellan sida Google’s TPU iyo xog aad u tiro badan oo loo isticmaalo in lagu tababaro mashiinka.
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